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Friday, January 25, 2013

The Multistep Synthesis of Dilantin (5,5-diphenlyhydantion) from Benzaldehyde - Lu Le Laboratory



Phenytoin sodium, Dilantin, is a commonly used antiepileptic. Phenytoin acts to suppress the abnormal brain activity seen in seizure by reducing electrical conductance among brain cells by stabilizing the inactive state of voltage-gated sodium channels. Aside from seizures, it is an option in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia in the event that carbamazepine or other first-line treatment seems inappropriate.

It is sometimes considered a class 1b antiarrhythmic.

Phenytoin, 5,5-diphenylimidazolidinedione is synthesized in two different ways. The first involves a base catalyzed addition of urea to benzil followed by a benzilic acid rearrangement (1,2 phenyl migration) to form the desired product. This is known as the Biltz Synthesis of phenytoin. (Wikipedia)

 Step by step to synthesis Dilantin

The synthesis processes of 5,5-diphenylhydantion are as follow:



The processes could be divided into three steps:








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